History of Nawabs of Bengal (1713-1765) Bengal history in Hindi

History of the Nawabs of Bengal In India, where there was a tussle between different kings and the Mughal rulers for the expansion of their empire in the 17-18th century, the arrival of the British also saw many changes in the politics of the most prosperous state like Bengal. Bengal was the most prosperous of all the provinces under the Mughal Empire.

Official languages ​​of India. National language of India in Hindi

You all know that Bengal has a special place in Indian history. Bengal was a prosperous province where everyone wanted to rule. Bengal saw 10 Hindu rule and sometimes Mughal rule.

The political map of Bengal was changed after the Plassey war of 1757. During the time of the Nawabs of Bengal, many political, social changes were seen in this province. So let’s know what was the end History of the Nawabs of Bengal, As well as learn the history of Bengal (Bengal history in Hindiabout some important facts.

History of the Nawabs of Bengal (1713-1765)

In 1690 AD, the British East India Company laid the foundation of Calcutta and established a British commercial colony. Bengal was a prosperous region of India in the middle of 1700 AD. Mughals used to have authority in this province. In 1700 AD, the Mughal ruler Aurangzeb Murshid Quli Khan (Mohammed Hadi), Mirza Hadi) was appointed as the Diwan of Bengal Province. In 1717, the Mughal ruler Farrukhsiyar issued a royal decree, in which the British were given freedom to trade. By the royal decree of Farrukhsiyar, the British had captured not only Bengal but all parts of the country.

Nawab of Bengal and his tenure

serial number	Bengal Nawab	stunned
1	Murshid Quli Khan	1713-1727 AD
2	Shujauddin	1727-1739 AD
3	Sarfaraz Khan	1739-1740 AD
4	Alivardi Khan	1740-1756 AD
5	sirajuddaula	1756-1757 AD
6	mir jafar	1757-1760 AD
7	mirkasim	1760-1763 AD
8	mir jafar	1763-1765 AD
9	Nizam-ud-daula	1765-1766 AD
10	chef-uddaula	1766-1770 AD
11.	Mubarak-uddaula	1770-1775 AD

Murshid Quli Khan (1713-1727 AD)

• Murshid Quli Khan Mohamed Hadi, mirza hadi Also known by name.
• During the reign of Farrukhsiyar Murshid Quli Khan was made the Subedar of Bengal.
• Murshid Quli Khan The Diwan was made during the reign of Aurangzeb.
• In 1719 Murshid Quli Khan was granted the territory of Orissa.
• It shifted the capital from Dhaka to Murshidabad.
• Murshid Quli Khan The monopoly system was started in the land settlement by and it started giving Takawi loans to the farmers.

Shujauddin (1727-1739 AD) and Sarfaraz Khan (1739-1740 AD)

• in 1727 AD Murshid Quli Khan After the death of Shujauddin was made the Nawab of Bengal in 1727-1739 AD.
• In 1739-1740 AD, Sarfaraz Khan was made the Nawab of Bengal.
• No special work was done during the reign of both of them.

Alivardi Khan (1740-1756 AD)

• In 1740, the war of Giria took place between Sarfaraz and Alivardi Khan in which Alivardi Khan killed Sarfaraz and Alivardi Khan became the Nawab of Bengal.
• Alivardi Khan did not remain under the Mughal rulers, he was only under the nominal Mughal rule, he never gave revenue to the Mughals during his reign.
• Alivardi Khan accepted to give Chauth to the Marathas, in which Alivardi Khan had accepted to give 12 lakh rupees annually to the Marathas.
• During the reign of Alivardi Khan, Bengal was the most prosperous province, it was called the “Paradise of India”.

Siraj-ud-daula (1756-1757 AD)

• In 1756 AD, after Alivardi Khan, his daughter’s son Siraj-ud-daula was made the Nawab of Bengal.
• Full Name of Siraj-ud-Daulah Full Name Mirza Muhammad Siraj-ud-Daula was.
• In October 1756, Siraj-ud-Daulah defeated and killed Nawab Shaukat Jung of Purnia (modern Bihar) in the Battle of Manihari.
• On 4 June 1756 AD, Siraj-ud-Daula had established his authority over Qasim Bazar (in Murshidabad district of West Bengal).

20 June 1756 AD (Black Hall incident)

• On 20 June 1756, Sirajuddaula fort william (Business kothi of the British) took the car and on the same night Sirajudaula had locked 146 Britishers in an 18 feet long kothi, the next day only 25 British could survive from this kothi. this event black hall Known as.
• This incident was mentioned by J.Z. Hallwell in his book.
• Some historians call such an event as the Black Hall false.
• Siraj-ud-Daulah Calcutta renamed as Alinagar was kept.
• The Captain of the East India Company, Robert Clive, took possession of Calcutta in 1757 by bribing Seth Manik Chandra of Calcutta.
• 9 January 1757 AD (Treaty of Alinagar)The Treaty of Alinagar was signed between Robert Clive and Bengal Nawab Siraj-ud-daula, according to which the British were given the right to build forts and mint coins in Calcutta.

war of Plasi , 25 June 1757

• Robert Clive, with the help of the Calcutta merchant Amichandra, founded Siraj-ud-Daulah. General Mir Zafar and his Diwan Rarebar Rai and Jagat Seth, the greatest businessman of Calcutta was mixed with conspiracy on his side.
• 25 June 1757 (Battle of Plassey)- Between Robert Clive and Bengal Nawab Siraj-ud-daula in 1757 war of Plasi In which Siraj-ud-Daulah was defeated. in this war Mir Zafar and his rare opinion supported Clive. (The Plain of Plassey is presently in the Nadia district of West Bengal.)
• In the Battle of Plassey, Siraj was supported by Mir Madan and Mohan Lal. In this war, there were about 3200 soldiers in the English army and 50000 soldiers in Siraj-ud-Daulah’s army.
• The British won in this war and Sirajudaula was killed in this war.
• The Battle of Plassey was the first major success of the British rule in India.

Mir Jafar (1757-1760 AD)

• After the success of Plassey, Clive made Mir Jafar the Nawab of Bengal.
• At the same time a courtier of Murshidabad”spot health” He named Mir Jafar as “the donkey of Robert Clive”.
• by the British at the same time divide and rule policy was initiated.
• In 1760, at the time of Zafar, the governor of the East India Company was made Venitart.
• In September 1760, an agreement was made between the Governor of the East India Company, Venitart and Mir Qasim, according to which the proposal to make Qasim the new Nawab of Bengal was made with certain conditions.

Mirkasim (1760-1763 AD)

• Mir Qasim was the son-in-law of Mir Jafar.
• In October 1760, Governor Vencitart reached Murshidabad with his army and appointed Mir Qasim as the new Nawab of Bengal in place of Jafar.
• Mir Jafar was sent from Murshidabad to Calcutta on a monthly pension of Rs 15,000.
• After becoming the Nawab, Mir Qasim first reorganized his army and appointed a German officer Samru for this.
• Mir Qasim moved his capital from Murshidabad to Munger.
• My Qasim imposed new taxes and increased the old taxes to improve the economic condition of Bengal.
• In June 1763, on the orders of Mir Qasim, a German officer in Patna, Samru killed Qasim’s opponents Alice, Ram Narayan, Jagat Seth, Umid Rai, Raj Ballabh etc. This incident is known in history as Patna massacre.
• After this incident, the British removed Mir Qasim from the post of Nawab and made Mir Jafar the Nawab of Bengal.

Mir Jafar (1763-1765 AD) (Nawab of Bengal for the second time)

• In July 1763, Mir Jafar was again declared the Nawab of Bengal. And Nand Kumar was made the minister of Mir Jafar.
• At the same time, Mir Jafar had given special exemption to the British in doing business in Bengal.
• In 1764, Mir Qasim tried once again to become the Nawab of Bengal, he formed a joint army with Shuja-ud-Daula, the Nawab of Oudh and the Mughal ruler Shah Alam II.

Battle of Buxar – 22/25 October 1764

• In October 1764, the combined forces of Mir Qasim, Shuza-ud-Daulah and the Mughal ruler Shah Alam II set up their camp in the field of Buxar.
• The Battle of Buxar took place on 22/25 October 1764 between the combined forces of Mir Qasim, Shuza-ud-Daula and the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II and the British forces. The British won this war.
• The British army was led by Hector Munro, the army of Mir Jafar was also included in the British army.
• After the victory of the British in this war, Shuja-ud-Daula, the Nawab of Awadh and the Mughal ruler Shah Alam II, surrendered and Qasim went to Delhi to save his life.
• After the Buxar war, the real British rule started to be established in India. Because now there was no rival in Bengal in front of the British.

Bengal history in Hindi

Bengal was a province where every ruler wanted to establish his authority. A province that was rich in agricultural land as well as was very rich in terms of geographical location. At the time of Alexander’s invasion of India, there was a kingdom named Gangaridai in Bengal. After the Gangaridai kingdom, the Pala dynasty ruled for 400 years in this province. After the Pala dynasty, the Sen dynasty had established its authority here, after which this dynasty was defeated by the Delhi Muslim rulers. The Mughal rulers established their rule in the 16th century.

Bengal was ruled by 10 Hindu rulers which are as follows –

1. Pala dynasty
2. Sen dynasty
3. Ilyas Dynasty (First Festival)
4. bayajid dynasty
5. Ganesh dynasty
6. Ilyas Dynasty (Second Feast)
7. Habasi dynasty
8. Hussein dynasty
9. Shoor dynasty
10. karrani dynasty

After the Hindu rulers, Bengal was ruled by these Nawabs –

1. Murshidkuli Jaffer Khan
2. sujauddin
3. Sarfaraz Khan
4. Alibardi Khan
5. sirajuddaula
6. mir jafar
7. mir kasim
8. Mir Jafar (2nd time)
9. najam ud daula
10. sif ud daula

The Battle of Plassey in 1757 proved to be a boon for the British. In this war of 1757, the British had established their presence in Bengal. In 1905, the British partitioned Bengal for their political gains. After 6 years, seeing the public anger, Bengal was again united in 1911.

India became independent in 1947, after which the work of merger of the princely states was done. On the recommendation of the States Reorganization Act 1956, the Bengali speaking areas of the neighboring states were merged into West Bengal. In 1947, the Muslim dominated region of independent India, which was the eastern part of Bengal, was made Bangladesh and the rest of the western part of Bengal, where the Hindu population was more, was made a part of India.

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